Chronic Diseases Prevention Review (Online ISSN: 2158-0820)

by  Shuo Gong, Qingxian Hou, Yanchen Chu, Xiuling Huang, Wenjiu Yang, Zhijie Wang

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2019 3(9) 1-6; published online 25 January 2019

Abstract:  The pathogenesis of isthmic spondylolisthesis and degenerative spondylolisthesis is different. It is unclear whether there is a difference between the anatomical factors and the site of the disease. To investigate whether there is a difference between the anatomical factors and the location of the disease in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis and adult lumbar spondylolisthesis. A retrospective analysis of 183 cases of degenerative spondylolisthesis with complete imaging data and adult lumbar spondylolisthesis from May 2012 to February 2015, including 92 cases of degenerative spondylolisthesis (degeneration group) 91 cases of isthmic spondylolisthesis (isthmic fissure group). The lumbar spondylolisthesis, the slippage rate and the slippage distance of the two groups were measured, and the comparison between groups was performed. The age of the isthmus fissure group, the lumbar lordosis angle, and the width of the vertebral isthmus were smaller than that of the degenerative group (P<0.05). The angle between the articular surface of the facet joint and the sagittal plane and the slip index were larger than those of the degenerative group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the inclination angle of the tibia between the two groups (P>0.05). The difference in the prevalence of isthmus spondylolisthesis and degenerative spondylolisthesis was statistically significant (P<0.05). Patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis have a good L5. Degenerative spondylolisthesis occurs in L4. The spondy index of patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis is greater than that of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Vertebral isthmus dysplasia or morphological changes (slim) is schizophrenia important factor in the pathogenesis of lumbar spondylolisthesis L4. The smaller angle between the intervertebral articular surface and the sagittal plane, and the increase of lumbar lordosis angle play a role in the formation of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis L5.

by  Qiqi Liu, Weihan Xu, Jianheng Wang, Gang Zhao

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2019 3(9) 7-11; published online 25 January 2019

Abstract:  To analyze the clinical efficacy of probiotics combined with mesalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. 112 patients with ulcerative colitis admitted to the Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from December 2016 to October 2018 were collected. The cases were randomly divided into control group (56 cases; mesalazine treatment) and study group (56 cases; Probiotics combined with mesalazine treatment). After 2 months, the inflammatory factor levels, treatment efficiency and adverse reactions were analyzed. The serum IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels of the study group was superior to the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was 92.86%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group 76.79% (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was 7.14%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group 21.43% (P<0.05). Combined Probiotics and Mesalazine maintain the treatment of Ulcerative colitis with remarkable curative effect and less adverse reactions.

by  Huanhuan Han, Chaobin Zou, Yongjun Mao

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2019 3(9) 12-16; published online 25 January 2019

Abstract:  To explore the correlation of blood pressure variation with frailty and nutritional status in elderly population. 126 elderly patients were selected. According to fried frailty scale, there were 42 cases in the frailty group, 42 cases in the pre-frailty group and 42 cases in the non-frailty group. 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed in each group. Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure variability were analyzed at 24h, day, night. Meanwhile, the NRS-2002 evaluation table of nutrition risk screening for inpatients was used to evaluate the nutritional risk, and the relationship between blood pressure variability, frailty and nutritional status was determined. Correlation analysis showed that the standard deviation of systolic blood pressure at 24h, standard deviation of systolic blood pressure at day time and standard deviation of systolic blood pressure at night were positively correlated with frailty (p<0.05). 24h pulse pressure difference, daytime pulse pressure difference and nocturnal pulse pressure difference were positively correlated with frailty (p<0.05). The loading values of 24h diastolic pressure, day diastolic pressure and night diastolic pressure were negatively correlated with the frailty (p<0.05). The loading values of 24h diastolic pressure, day diastolic pressure and night diastolic pressure were negatively correlated with the nutritional risk (p<0.05). Patients aged 80 or older in the frailty group were significantly higher than those in the non-frailty group, the number of drugs and the number of comorbidities were significantly higher than that of non-frailty group (p<0.05). There was correlation between the variation of blood pressure and frailty, nutritional status in the aged. The systolic blood pressure standard deviation and pulse pressure difference were larger and the diastolic pressure load was lower in the elderly patients with frailty. The higher the diastolic load was, the lower the nutritional risk score was. The number of drugs taken and diseases was more appear in the frail elderly patients.

by  Xiaoxuan Gu, Huacong Wang, Yanchun Tang

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2019 3(9) 17-21; published online 28 February 2019

Abstract:  Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammatory diseases of the joints. Nonstandard treatment, the disease will gradually develop, eventually leading to joint deformity, functional loss and high disability rate. Therefore, early diagnosis, intervention and treatment can greatly improve the prognosis of the disease and the quality of life. The purpose of this article is to review and analyze the early diagnosis of joint ultrasound and rheumatoid arthritis.

by  Jing Zhang, Shiyong Tian, Liqiu Liu, Hua Gao

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2019 3(9) 22-27; published online 28 February 2019

Abstract:  To investigate the effect of olmesartan on oxidative stress and klotho protein in rats with adriamycin nephropathy. The male wister rats were randomly divided into three group. Healthy rats were served as normal control group (NC group, n=15), adriamycin nephropathic model were randomly divided into adriamycin nephropathy group (ADR group, n=15) and olmesartan group (OLM group, n =15). Adriamycin nephropathy was induced by a single tail vein injection of doxorubicin. OLM group were treated by olmesartan continuous lavage, NC group and ADR group were given the same dose of normal saline continuous lavage. After 8 weeks，24-h urine protein excretion, MDA levels and SOD activities in renal cortex were measured. The histomorphology of kidney was observed by HE staining. The expression of klotho protein in renal cortex was determined by western blotting. 24-h urine protein excretion were significantly increased in ADR group than in NC group (P<0.05). MDA levels in renal cortex were significantly increased in ADR group than in NC group (P<0.05). SOD activities in renal cortex were significantly decreased in ADR group than in NC group (P<0.05). klotho protein levels were significantly decreased in ADR group than in NC group (P<0.05). All those parameters were significantly improved in OLM group (P<0.05). klotho decrease in rats with adriamycin nephropathy. The olmesartan can significantly increase the expression of klotho protein and reduce oxidative stress in rats with adriamycin nephropathy.

by Jie Mou, Yongjun Mao

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2019 3(9) 28-33; published online 8 March 2019

Abstract:  To investigate the effect of Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) on senescent cardiomyocytes. In this study, we established a senescence model of H9c2 cardiomyocytes by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Subsequently, senescent H9c2 cardiomyocytes was treated with AOS for 48h. Cell viability was determined with the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The protein expression of p21 was detected by Western blot. The mRNA expressions levels of p16 and p53 were detected by RT-PCR. We found that compared with the control group, cells viability was decreased, the expression of p21 protein, the expressions of p16 and p53 mRNA were significantly increased in the H₂O₂-induced senescent H9c2 cells (p<0.05). After treated with AOS, AOS significantly increased cell viability, inhibited the expression of p21 protein (p<0.05), meanwhile decreased the expressions of p16 and p53 mRNA (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that AOS was able to delay H₂O₂-induced cardiomyocytes senescence.

by Qilin Shi, Lin Wang, Xiao Chu, Tieshan Li, Xiaojuan Shi, Mengmeng Xu, Lixiao Cheng

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2019 3(9) 34-40; published online 18 March 2019

Abstract:  To evaluate the pain and dysfunction of knee osteoarthritis by infrared thermal imaging. A total of 84 subjects were included in this study (24 control group and 60 symptomatic group). Symptomatic group cases were divided into mild group (33 cases) and moderately severe group (25 cases) according to visual analogue scale (VAS). Pain and dysfunction were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster University of orthopedic index (WOMAC). Infrared imaging was performed using the SP-9000 Infrared Diagnostic System Line Thermal Imaging Diagnostic System. The SP-9000 medical infrared thermal image was used to conduct infrared thermal imaging examination on the day of the test and 4 weeks after the test. The upper medial temperature was moderately correlated with pain (rs =0.469, P=0.001), and also with the western Ontario and McMaster university of orthopedic index (rs=0.520, P=0.001). Patella temperature was weakly correlated with pain (rs =0.331, P=0.010), and the patella temperature of the knee joint was weakly correlated with the WOMAC index (rs=0.375, P=0.003). Two infrared thermal imaging examinations of the knee suggested the reliability and repeatably of the knee assessed by infrared thermal imaging (0.66-0.89). There is a correlation between infrared thermography and the severity of knee osteoarthritis pain.

by Tao Ding, Ying Yan, Jiangjun Liu, Kang Sun, Yuanhe Wang, Shaoqi Tian

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2019 3(9) 41-50; published online 18 March 2019

Abstract:  Chronic pain is a debilitating condition resulted from the damage or dysfunction of the nervous system. By now, treatments for chronic pain are accompanied by a great deal of undesirable side-effects which contribute to limited efficacy for pain relieving. Thus, new efficient therapeutic approaches for remedy of painful neuropathies are needed. Chemokine signaling has been recently reported to play a crucial role in the regulation of neuroinflammatory responses and development of chronic pain processing. In particular, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), has been shown to be involved in diverse pain conditions via its receptor chemokines C-C motif receptor 2 (CCR2). In this review, we discussed studies published recently demonstrated that the crucial role of MCP-1/ CCR2 axis in chronic pain in different pathological pain models. Insights into the role of MCP-1/ CCR2 signaling pathway in pain processing will identify novel targets for therapeutic intervention of chronic pain.