Chronic Diseases Prevention Review (Online ISSN: 2158-0820)

by  Yuannan Diao

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(7) 1-4; published online 25 May  2018

Abstract:  To investigate the relationship between PCT (procalcitonin) and C reactive protein (CRP), and to investigate the time of premature rupture of membranes and intrauterine infection less than 34 weeks. 234 cases of <34 weeks preterm infants were collected in the Department of Obstetrics. All patients were divided into group A (52) without premature rupture of fet al membranes, group B of PROM (premature rupture of membranes) <48h premature infant (84), group C of PROM 49-168h (59), and group D of PROM>168h (39), respectively. The infection index of prenatal and postnatal children was collected. The difference of the positive rate of intrauterine infection and the difference of infection index between pregnant women and their pregnant women were compared. The difference of C reactive protein of antenatal infection index of pregnant women was statistically significant (P<0.05). But it did not increase with the prolongation of membrane breaking time. The longer the time of rupture of the membrane, the higher the PCT value of the sick children (P<0.05). The longer fetal membrane breaks, the higher the incidence of CA (chorioamnionitis). There was a significant difference in the incidence of CA between the 4 groups (P<0.05). Prenatal and neonatal blood PCT and CRP are sensitive indicators for early prediction of premature rupture of membranes and placental chorioamnionitis.

by Jie Xu, Yingjie Xu, Lei Gao, Jun Zhao

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(7) 5-10; published online 25 May 2018

Abstract: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of fucoidan sulfate (Fucoidan) on VEGF in atherosclerotic (AS) oxidative stress signaling pathway of apolipoprotein E deficient mice. The healthy male Kunming mice(n=10) and absence of ApoE gene (ApoE-/-) mice (30) were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group, Fucoidan treatment group, (ApoE-/-) negative AS group and the (ApoE-/-) the negative control group. The effects of Fucoidan on lipid metabolism and AS plaques in model animals were observed by using ELASA kit which helps to detect blood biochemical indexes in the peripheral blood of the AS model. Using HE staining, oil red O staining, and immunohistochemistry methods to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in oxidative stress signal pathway. The blank control group, Fucoidan treatment group, ApoE (-/-) AS model group were compared with the negative control group. 4 group animal blood biochemical indexes in peripheral blood were tested. The total cholesterol, triglyceride and other indexes of Fucoidan treatment group was compared with the AS model control group (P<0.05). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly (P<0.05). HE staining and oil red O staining showed that the size of atherosclerotic plaques in the Fucoidan treatment group was significantly smaller than that of the ApoE (-/-) AS model group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry result showed that the level of Fucoidan in the treatment group with the ApoE VEGF was significantly higher than that of AS model group (P<0.05). Fucoidan in brown fat can decrease total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the peripheral blood, improve the level of LDL cholesterol, reduce the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, enhance oxidative stress signaling pathways in the related factor, protein expression.

by  Baoli Du, Guilan Zhang, Jiaqi Song, Tingyan Kou, Boyang Wei, Qian Liu, 

     Jingkun Chen, Qi Gao, Xuezhao Lu, Chunjiang Dong, Qiuzhen Wang

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(7) 11-16; published online 25 May  2018

Abstract:  This study was designed to investigate the effects of vitamin D (VD) on liver injury induced by isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RFP) in rats and whether VD could be used as a nutritional supplement to assist the treatment of ATLI. 50 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups according to their body weight: normal control (control) group, model group, VD low dose (VD-L) group, VD medium dose (VD-M) group, VD high dose (VD-H) group. All rats were given intragastric administration twice a day: firstly, control group was given 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na); model, VD-L, VD-M and VD-H groups were given isoniazid (100mg/kg/d) + rifampicin (150mg/kg/d). Secondly, control and model groups were fed with soybean oil, VD-L, VD-M and VD-H groups were fed with 1ug/kg/d, 5ug/kg/d and 10ug/kg/d VD respectively. It lasted for 21 days. Markers of serum biochemistry and oxidative stress were evaluated. And hepatic morphology was also examined. The liver indexes of rats in VD-M group and VD-H group decreased compared to those in model group. Compared to rats in model group, rats in VD-H group had significantly lower serum levels of AST, ALP and DBIL, and significantly lower serum levels of ALP and DBIL in VD-M group. And compared with model group, rats in VD groups (VD-M, VD-H), the arrangement of hepatic cells tended to be normal, the degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and the infiltration of inflammatory cells were improved. Also, rats in VD-H group showed significant increase in GSH-PX and decrease in MDA. The levels of MDA also decreased in VD-L and VD-M groups. VD could inhibit the elevation of AST, ALP and DBIL in serum of rats induced by INH combined RFP and improved the pathological changes of liver tissues. And VD can inhibit oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduce the damage of liver cells caused by lipid peroxidation.

by Zhenchao Liu, Donghao Zhou

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(7) 17-20; published online 25 May 2018

Abstract: To investigate the relationship between IL-6 and sarcopenia in patients with hyperthyroidism. 60 female patients with hyperthyroidism were selected, and 37 healthy female were chosen as control group. There was no significant difference in age between the two groups. The body fat compositions were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), to calculate the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Moreover, grip strength and walking speed were collected. The FT3, FT4, TSH and IL-6 levels of subjects in the two groups were detected and collected. The correlation analysis on the results was performed and various factors that influence SMI were analyzed by multivariate stepwise regression. A significant negative correlation existed between SMI and serum IL-6 (r=-0.315, P=0.014). The multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the serum IL-6 and BMI conformed to the equation: SMI=5.333-0.028* serum IL-6+0.052*BMI. The abnormally elevated serum IL-6 in patients with hyperthyroidism may lead to a reduction in skeletal muscle mass and increase the risk of occurrence of sarcopenia.

by Deli Zhang, Shijiang Chen

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(7) 21-24; published online 25 July 2018

Abstract: Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a herbal medicine also named DongChongXiaCao (DCXC), is one of the most valuable medicinal fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of many chronic disease. The natural product of O. sinensis is actually a caterpillar entomopathogenic fungus-host larva complex. Host insect is not only the material basis for the formation of O. sinensis, but also an important part of the efficacy. The aim of the present paper is to evaluate protein, amino acid, mineral element and water content composition of larvae and pupae of Hepialus gonggaensis. Data analysis showed variable values in the content of the protein, amino acid, mineral element and water content composition. The pupae showed good nutritional value than the larvae. Heavy metal were also detected in indoor raised larvae. The Pb, As, Cu and Cd were detected, and the content were under the limits of food in China except for Cu. Furthermore, Hg reported in other literatures was not detected. Therefore, both the larvae and pupae of H. gonggaensis have certain edible value and prospect for developing functional foods.