Transfer of a new breast cancer detection method

At present, in the treatment of breast cancer worldwide use of radical surgery and large there are two, for a modified radical operation, another called-conserving surgery. The former to the entire breast removed and the ipsilateral axillary lymph node dissection, Chien called “axillary dissection,” the latter breast, cutting the breast only on the part of a tumor, but also axillary dissection. Two ways to axillary lymph node removal, which has brought the issue of complications, such as vascular surgery on the armpit and the lymphatic stimulation may lead to injury or ipsilateral upper blood and lymph return to be affected, surgery may be intrusive to some nerve And so on, making some patients after surgery in the upper limb lymphedema, adverse events, such as pain and numbness dysfunction, it is very difficult due to resume upper-limb edema, therefore, become one of the most serious complications.
 
 
Therefore, the surgeon who started to study only to those who can not have people to do the transfer of axillary dissection surgery, not a transfer of not cleaning. How to determine whether there is a transfer? » Here have such a concept - the sentinel lymph node.

New molecular tests can more quickly determine whether the transfer of sentinel lymph node

Sentinel lymph node, as the name suggests, like sentries guarding the same around the breast, the overwhelming majority of tumor cells outside the transfer to proceed through it all, there are very few circumstances will it directly to the next station over.

In this way, you can check the sentinel lymph node to determine whether there is a need to do further axillary dissection. If the sentinel lymph node tumor cells are transferred, we call it positive, continue to do clean-up; if there is no transfer of (negative) do not clean, so as to avoid unnecessary surgery.

So, how have identified the sentinel lymph node transfer it » The current conventional methods in surgery by means of isotope tracking to find it, and then immediately do pathological examination, we call it rapid frozen section HE staining pathological examination. But used to guide the next step of this operation quickly pathological examination is not 100 percent accurate, can only reach about 90%. New molecular tests that the genetic test BLN gene analyzer that scholars to find a better way to replace the traditional methods of frozen or as a supplement.

New method than the traditional method of freezing a higher sensitivity

So this new method is not really better, more accurate? »

The method is through genetic testing (that is the molecular level of detection) means to the screening whether metastasis. It is the premise of the theory of breast tissue in the breast-rich in protein and cytokeratin 19 elements, these two elements in the normal lymph nodes in the non-existent or rare, once found in these two elements have emerged in the lymph nodes that have taken place in转移.

The specific method for detecting the use of PCR technology, which is a widely used in the laboratory technology. The innovation is that it will be the first time in molecular detection technology used in the diagnosis. Some media said the technology was created in the immediate diagnosis of the ground (before the pathology results must be able to win two days after surgery), but this understanding is not very accurate. The traditional frozen during the inspection operation at the same time also be the result, the waiting time is about 30 minutes. The real advantage of this technology lies in its way than the traditional frozen higher sensitivity, sensitivity to Gaojiu means that there may be more of metastasis to avoid the misdiagnosis of pathology and postoperative found to accept the transfer of re-operation . But at the same time, the specificity of this new method than the traditional method稍差frozen, which is slightly higher false positive rate, which means that the transfer was misdiagnosed as receiving unnecessary surgery axillary dissection of a higher proportion, and carried out Sentinel lymph node biopsy may be the original intention of the danger of Bei Dao.

In fact, any innovation is always associated with the emergence of the merits of the wings, in practical application will enrich our understanding of it, so it can eventually replace the method of frozen or used at the same time the two are complementary and still needs more And more clinical trials to test.

In fact, the reverse thinking, we painstaking search for a precise method to reduce the judgement of axillary surgery, in order to reduce the complications of axillary surgery, in fact the axillary surgery itself can be improved, making no complications occur or not Fewer problems, this is a problem-solving ideas. In fact, we now do lymphedema in breast cancer surgery in the case have rarely, a ratio of less than 0.5%, and further improve the procedure should be said to be one can try the road.

Benefited from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to allow for metastatic breast cancer for the first molecular test, surgical experts can more quickly assess whether there is a proliferation of breast cancer risk. When patients receiving cancer or breast surgery, the doctor will only traditional methods of detection of breast nearest lymph glands, to determine whether there are signs of the transfer. When submitted to the organization found that tumors exist, would need to be removed more lymph nodes, but under normal circumstances, the need for more in-depth testing a wide range of microscope to determine whether the cancer has spread. The question is: laboratory results to be out in two days, prior to the patients to live in may face a second surgery hellish fear. New molecular tests that the genetic test BLN testing implemented, the doctor at the initial surgery will be through the detection of breast cancer cells on the molecular sentinel gland accurate detection. If the test results proved to be malignant tumors, doctors will immediately remove the lymph nodes have been hit, and could save patients waiting for surgery again to accept the pain.